Setting up an LTSP server for diskless clients¶
Installing LTSP on Ubuntu 16.04 with Debian chroots for 32-bit clients¶
dphys-config-ltsp has to be run to set up the Debian changeroot
for the LTSP clients to get (the client needs an X server, rdesktop/xfree-rdp,
xymon-client, and ntp). Ubuntu has removed PAE thus doesn't run on
32-bit hardware anymore.
Kiosk Mode¶
We use Kiosk Mode, a local user for info displays, web shop orders, and new account sheets.
IPv4 vs IPv6¶
Make sure tftpd and nbd are running with IPv4, /etc/default/tftpd-hpa TFTP_ADDRESS="0.0.0.0:69", sysctl net.ipv6.conf.eno1.disable_ipv6=1 and restarting nbd-server might help.
New install on Ubuntu LTS (applies to 11.04, 12.04, 14.04)¶
To create a basic load balancing, there is this documentation http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=935416
Watch out for this one, you might be affected too: http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2222278
Regular workstation installation. Install ltsp-server, ldm-server and ltspfs. On the DHCP server:
# -----------
# LTSP Server
# -----------
group {
next-server 192.33.99.213;
filename "/ltsp/i386/pxelinux.0";
include "/etc/dhcp3/clients-diskless-test";
}
On the Terminal Server build the chroot by issuing ltsp-build-client --arch=i386 and add
/opt/ltsp/i386 @many(ro,no_root_squash,async)
/var/lib/tftpboot/ltsp/i386 @bootservers(ro,async,crossmnt,no_subtree_check)
/boot @bootservers(ro,async,crossmnt,no_subtree_check)
to /etc/exports and run invoke-rc.d nfs-kernel-server reload.
We also need a tftp server aptitude install tftpd-hpa.
In /pub/debian-local/configs/isg/ create an lts.conf containing
[Default]
LOCALDEV = True
SOUND = True
LDM_DIRECTX = True
X_COLOR_DEPTH = 24
SCREEN_07 = ldm
#kiosk terminals
[kiosk]
LDM_AUTOLOGIN = true
LDM_USERNAME = kiosk
LDM_PASSWORD = dsjfgasdjf
#Windows Terminal Server client
[wts_en]
SCREEN_08 = rdesktop
RDP_SERVER = winlogin.phys.ethz.ch
RDP_OPTIONS = "-a 32 -x l -z -P -r sound:local -k en-us -r disk:stick=/var/run/drives"
[wts_de]
SCREEN_08 = rdesktop
RDP_SERVER = winlogin.phys.ethz.ch
RDP_OPTIONS = "-a 32 -x l -z -P -r sound:local -k de-ch -r disk:stick=/var/run/drives"
and dphys-config.list.host with
lts.conf:/var/lib/tftpboot/ltsp/i386/
mathematica-fonts-Type1.tar.gz:/opt/ltsp/i386/usr/share/fonts/X11/Type1/:tar xzf {}
ldm-theme-dphys.tar.gz:/opt/ltsp/i386/usr/share/ldm/themes/:tar xzf {}
logo.png:/opt/ltsp/i386/usr/share/ldm/themes/DPHYS/:
For the kiosk user (don't forget pasckiosk and bibkiosk), add
kiosk:x:128:65534::/var/kiosk:/bin/bash
to /etc/passwd,
kiosk:$1$SUPERHASH:14734::::::
to /etc/shadow and copy kiosk's /var/kiosk/.
Now run dphys-config and create the NBD boot image: ltsp-update-image -a i386 (remember to run this command every time you've changed something in the chroot).
Old install on etch/lenny¶
LTSP server root fs¶
enable alioth LTSP backports:
wget http://pkg-ltsp.alioth.debian.org/debian/pkg-ltsp-keyring
apt-key add pkg-ltsp-keyring
add
deb http://pkg-ltsp.alioth.debian.org/debian etch-ltsp-backports main
to /etc/apt/sources.list
aptitude install ltsp-server ltspfs
ltsp-build-client --arch i386 --dist lenny --mirror http://debian.ethz.ch/debian/ --apt-keys /etc/apt/trusted.gpg --extra-mirror "http://pkg-ltsp.alioth.debian.org/debian etch-ltsp-backports main"
/etc/exports:
/opt/ltsp/i386 (ro,no_root_squash,async)
/var/lib/tftpboot/ltsp/i386 @bootservers(ro,async,crossmnt,no_subtree_check)
/etc/inetd.conf:
tftp dgram udp wait root /usr/sbin/in.tftpd /usr/sbin/in.tftpd -s /var/lib/tftpboot
sound support:
aptitude install libasound2-plugins
/etc/asound.conf:
pcm.!default {
type pulse
}
ctl.!default {
type pulse
}
configure client sound output to alsa.
DHCP config /etc/dhcp3/dhcpd.conf:
group {
next-server "LTSP-SERVER-IP";
filename "/ltsp/i386/pxelinux.0";
include "/etc/dhcp3/clients-diskless-test";
}
PXE config /var/lib/tftpboot/ltsp/i386/pxelinux.cfg/default:
DEFAULT vmlinuz ro initrd=initrd.img root=/dev/nfs ip=dhcp nfsroot=LTSP-SERVER-IP:/opt/ltsp/i386/ vga=794 boot=nfs
for local USB devices and VirtualBox /etc/rc.local
chmod 666 /dev/vboxdrv
chmod 666 /dev/fuse
client file system: (chroot /opt/ltsp/i386/)¶
passwd root
copy amd xorg driver to /usr/lib/xorg/modules/drivers/amd_drv.so
/etc/lts.conf:
#true for all
[Default]
LOCALDEV = True
SOUND = True
LDM_DIRECTX = False #as long as the X auth issue has not been solved
X_COLOR_DEPTH = 16
X_MODE_0 = 1280x1024
#hardware dependent stuff
[Alix]
XSERVER = amd
#monitor specific stuff
[1600]
X_MODE_0 = 1600x1200
[1280]
X_MODE_0 = 1280x1024
[1024]
X_MODE_0 = 1024x768
#kiosk terminals
[kiosk]
LDM_AUTOLOGIN = true
LDM_USERNAME = kiosk
LDM_PASSWORD = dsjfasdjf
#actual hosts
[00:0d:b9:0c:ef:c0]
#HPK F ? Ralph Eichler
LIKE = Alix
LIKE = 1280
HOST_NAME = malta
changes to /usr/share/ltsp/configure-x.sh to enable mathematica fonts and screen rotation:
handle_mathematica_fonts(){
perl -pi -e 's#dirs\/TrueType"#dirs/TrueType"\n FontPath "/usr/share/fonts/mathematica/Type1"\nFontPath "/usr/share/fonts/mathematica/BDF"#' $INPUT_FILE
}
handle_rotate(){
if [ -n "$X_ROTATE_SCREEN" ];then
perl -pi -e 's#BoardName#Option "Rotate" "left"\nBoardName#' $INPUT_FILE
fi
}
handle_dpms(){
perl -pi -e 's#Section "Monitor"#Section "Monitor"\n\tOption "DPMS"#' $INPUT_FILE
perl -pi -e 's#Section "Screen"#Section "Screen"\n\tOption "DPMS" "true"#' $INPUT_FILE
}
and
handle_mathematica_fonts || true
handle_rotate || true
handle_dpms || true
adds mathematica font paths and allows us to define X_ROTATE_SCREEN = True to use portrait screens
for rdesktop (Windows terminal server) screens on :8 we need to fix the login windows reset problem in Windows Server 2008. Our workaround: extra wrapper script to start rdesktop. In /usr/share/ltsp/screen.d/, create rdw containing
#!/bin/sh
#
# remote desktop wrapper script
# written to supersede the original LTSP rdesktop script in order to solve the Windows 2008 Server logon screen timeout issue
# (c) 2008 daduke <daduke@daduke.org>
#
# This software is licensed under the Gnu General Public License.
# The full text of which can be found at http://www.LTSP.org/license.txt
#
#
#
# /opt/ltsp/i386/etc/screen.d/rdesktop
#
# Call this through /opt/ltsp/i386/etc/lts.conf like this:
# RDP_OPTIONS = "-a 16"
# RDP_SERVER = w2k3.terminal.server.ip
# SCREEN_02 = rdesktop
#
PATH=/bin:$PATH; export PATH
. /usr/share/ltsp/screen-x-common
RDP_OPTIONS=${RDP_OPTIONS:-"-f"}
RDESKTOP_OPTIONS="${RDP_OPTIONS} -f $* ${RDP_SERVER}"
while :; do
/usr/bin/rdesktop \
-u "" \
${RDESKTOP_OPTIONS}
done
and chmod a+x it. Modify /usr/share/ltsp/screen.d/rdesktop to read
#!/bin/sh
#
# The following script works for LTSP5 and was tested in Debian etch.
# Modified 2008 by daduke <daduke@daduke.org>
# Original rdesktop script by James A. McQuillan,
# modified for LTSP5 by Colin Osterhout of SERRC (www.serrc.org).
#
# This software is licensed under the Gnu General Public License.
# The full text of which can be found at http://www.LTSP.org/license.txt
#
#
#
# /opt/ltsp/i386/etc/screen.d/rdesktop
#
# Call this through /opt/ltsp/i386/etc/lts.conf like this:
# RDP_OPTIONS = "-a 16"
# RDP_SERVER = w2k3.terminal.server.ip
# SCREEN_02 = rdesktop
#
PATH=/bin:$PATH; export PATH
. /usr/share/ltsp/screen-x-common
/usr/bin/xinit /usr/share/ltsp/screen.d/rdw \
-- \
${DISP} \
vt${TTY}
and add
SCREEN_08 = rdesktop
RDP_SERVER = winlogin.phys.ethz.ch
RDP_OPTIONS = "-x l -r sound:local -r disk:usbstick=/var/run/drives"
to lts.conf.
lts.conf options:
*****Switch on/off features (and dependant optional options)*****
| Variable | Possible Values | Default value | Comment
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SOUND Y,y,True,true unset
(SOUND_DAEMON) esd , nasd esd
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
LOCALDEV Y,y,True,true unset
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DNS_SERVER A valid IP unset
(SEARCH_DOMAIN) Domainname unset required if DNS_SERVER is set
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CONSOLE_KEYMAP A valid console keymap en
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NBD_SWAP Y,y,True,true unset
(SWAP_SERVER) nbd server IP ltsp server
(NBD_PORT) A valid nbd portnumber 9572
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
USE_LOCAL_SWAP Y,y,True,true unset
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PRINTER_0_DEVICE dev (i.e. /dev/usblp0) unset
(PRINTER_0_TYPE) P(parallel), S(serial) unset only required for serial,
U(USB) others are autodetected
(PRINTER_0_PORT) A valid portnumber 9100
(PRINTER_0_WRITE_ONLY) Y,N N
(PRINTER_0_SPEED) A baud rate 9600 serial only
(PRINTER_0_FLOWCTRL) flow control param S serial only
(PRINTER_0_PARITY) Parity setting N serial only
(PRINTER_0_DATABITS) Bitnumber 8 serial only
(PRINTER_0_OPTIONS) additional options unset
the printer understands
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
USE_XFS Y,y,True,true unset
(XFS_SERVER) Font server IP unset
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
XKBLAYOUT A valid xorg Layout unset see xorg documentation for value
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
XKBMODEL A valid xkb model unset see xorg documentation for value
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
XKBRULES A set of xkb rules unset see xorg documentation for value
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
XKBOPTIONS A set of xkb options unset see xorg documentation for value
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
XKBVARIANT A valid xkb variant unset see xorg documentation for value
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NETWORK_COMPRESSION Y,y,True,true unset compress ssh traffic
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
LDM_REMOTECMD A custom command (path Xsession use to override default session
on the server)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
RCFILE_nn A custom rc file unset
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*****Overrides for autodetected values*****
| Variable | Possible Values | Default value | Comment
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SCREEN_nn ldm, sdm, shell, ldm
startx, telnet
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SERVER Server IP ltsp server
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SYSLOG_HOST Server IP ltsp server add SYSLOGD="-r" to the servers
/etc/ltsp/syslogd file first
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
MODULE_nn Kernel module name autodetected use to force loading of specific
module
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
XF86CONFIG_FILE path to a file autodetected relative to /opt/ltsp/$ARCH
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
XSERVER ark autodetected
ati
atimisc
chips
cirrus_alpine
cirrus
cirrus_laguna
cyrix
dummy
fbdev
fglrx
glint
i128
i740
i810
imstt
mga
neomagic
newport
nsc
nv
r128
radeon
rendition
riva128
s3
s3virge
savage
siliconmotion
sis
sisusb
tdfx
tga
trident
tseng
v4l
vesa
vga
via
vmware
voodoo
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
X_HORZSYNC min-max MHz autdetected use for forcing X_MODE
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
X_VERTREFRESH min-max Hz autdetected use for forcing X_MODE
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
X_COLOR_DEPTH 2, 4, 8, 16, 24, 32 32 set to 16bit to save client mem
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
X_MOUSE_DEVICE /dev/ttySn autodetected serial mice only,
all others are autodetected
(X_MOUSE_PROTOCOL) sunkbd unset serial only (see above)
lkkbd
vsxxxaa
spaceorb
spaceball
magellan
warrior
stinger
mousesystems
sunmouse
microsoft
mshack
mouseman
intellimouse
mmwheel
iforce
h3600ts
stowawaykbd
ps2serkbd
twiddler
twiddlerjoy
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
X_MOUSE_EMULATE3BTN Y,y,True,true unset
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TELNET_HOST Telnet server IP ltsp server for use with SCREEN_nn=telnet
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
XDM_SERVER XDMCP server IP ltsp server for use with SCREEN_nn=startx
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SSH_OVERRIDE_PORT Portnumber unset for use wiht a dedicated ssh port
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------